[Qeexitaanka Sayniska]
Hydrogels waa shabakado silsilado polymer hydrophilic, oo loo yaqaan jel colloidal, kaas oo biyuhu yihiin dhexdhexaadinta firdhinta. Softiweerka saddex-cabbir waxaa sabab u ah silsiladaha polymer-ka hydrophilic polymer-ka oo la isku xiro. Sababtoo ah isku-xirnaanta, isku-xirnaanta qaab-dhismeedka shabakadda hydrogel laguma burburin doono biyo badan (doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00389). Hydrogels sidoo kale aad bay u nuugaan (waxay ka koobnaan karaan in ka badan 90% biyo) shabakadaha polymer -ka dabiiciga ah ama dardaro. Ereyga “hydrogel” ayaa markii ugu horreysay ka soo muuqday suugaanta 1894 (doi: 10.1007/BF01830147). Markii hore, cilmi-baaris ku saabsan hydrogels-ka ayaa diiradda saarey shabakad polymer-ka isku-xiran oo kiimiko ah si loo barto astaamaheeda aasaasiga ah, sida bararka/bararka kinetics-ka iyo dheelitirka, kala-soocidda milatariga, kala-guurka wejiga mugga iyo is-dulsaarka, iyo Baadhista codsiyada noocaas ah. Sida dhakhtarka indhaha iyo gaarsiinta dawooyinka. Horumarka joogtada ah ee cilmi -baarista hydrogel, diiraddiisu waxay ka wareegtay shabakado fudud oo u gudbay shabakado “jawaab” ah. Marxaladdan, hydrogels kala duwan oo ka jawaabi kara isbeddelada xaaladaha deegaanka sida pH, heerkulka, iyo beeraha korantada iyo birlabka ayaa la sameeyay. Hawl -wade hydrogel oo ka jawaaba aagagga korantada iyo birlabka ayaa la soo jeediyay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, hydrogels -ka wakhtigaas caadi ahaan aad bay u jilicsan yihiin ama aad bay u jajaban yihiin farsamo ahaan, taas oo aad u xaddiday codsiyadooda suurtagalka ah. Markii uu soo ifbaxay millennium -ka cusub, hydrogels -ka ayaa sidoo kale galay xilli cusub, iyada oo horumar laga gaaray guryahooda farsamada. Guushaani waxay horseeday daraasado badan oo isku dhafan oo ah hydrogels. Maalmahan, habab kala duwan oo kiimiko ah oo leh dhismayaal tamar-cun ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo hydrogels ka xoog badan muruqa iyo carjawda. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, waxay sidoo kale gaadhaysaa shaqooyin kale, sida is-bogsiin, jawaabo badan oo kiciya, adhesion, qoyaan aad u sarreeya, iwm. xubnaha, daawada dib -u -dhalashada, iwm (doi: /10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00238).
【Ujeedada ugu weyn】
1. Jeexjeexyada injineernimada unugyada (doi: 10.1002/advs.201801664).
2. Marka loo adeegsado sidii majaro -biyood, biyo -mareenka waxaa ku jiri kara unugyo bini -aadam si loo hagaajiyo unugyada. Waxay la jaanqaadayaan deegaanka yar ee 3D ee unugyada (doi: 10.1039/C4RA12215).
3. U isticmaal ceelasha dahaarka leh ee hydrogel dhaqanka unugyada (doi: 10.1126/science.1116995).
4. Haydarooliga xasaasiga u ah bay'ada (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan "jel smart" ama "gels smart"). Hydrogels -ku waxay awood u leeyihiin inay dareemaan isbeddelada pH, heerkulka ama dheef -shiid kiimikaad oo sii daaya isbeddelada noocaas ah (doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.011).
5. Hydrogel la isku duro, oo loo isticmaali karo sida dawada sidda dawaynta cudurrada ama sidda unugga ujeeddooyin dib -u -cusboonaysiin ama injineernimada unugyada (doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00769).
6. Nidaamka bixinta dawooyinka oo la sii daayo. Awoodda Ionic, pH iyo heerkulka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa kiciyayaal si loo xakameeyo sii deynta daroogada (doi: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.05.016).
7. Bixi nuugista unugyada necrotic iyo fibrotic, degreasing iyo qashin
8. Hydrogels ka falceliya molecules gaar ah (sida gulukoos ama antigens) ayaa loo isticmaali karaa biosensors ama DDS (doi: 10.1021/cr500116a).
9. Xafaayadaha la tuuri karo ayaa nuugi kara kaadida ama gelin kara suufka fayadhowrka (doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.11.024).
10. Muraayadaha indhaha (silikoon hydrogel, polyacrylamide, hydrogel-ku jira silicon).
11. EEG iyo ECG electrodes-ka caafimaadka iyadoo la isticmaalayo hydrogels oo ka kooban polymers isku xiran (polyetylen oxide, polyAMPS iyo polyvinylpyrrolidone).
12. Hydrogel waxyaabaha qarxa.
13. Maamulka mareenka iyo ogaanshaha.
14. Baakadaha dhibcaha tirada.
15. Gelinta naasaha (kobcinta naaska).
16. Xabagta.
17. Qurubyo loo isticmaalo ilaalinta qoyaanka ciidda meelaha oomanaha ah.
18. Dharka lagu daweeyo gubashada ama nabarro kale oo ay adag tahay in la bogsiiyo. Jel nabarka ayaa aad waxtar u leh abuurista ama dayactirka jawi qoyan.
19. Kaydinta dawooyinka ee dibadda loo isticmaalo; gaar ahaan dawooyinka ionic -ka oo ay keento iontophoresis.
20. Maado u ekeysiisa unugyada xuubka xayawaanka, oo loo isticmaalo in lagu tijaabiyo sifooyinka adhesion -ka mucosal ee nidaamyada bixinta dawooyinka (doi: 10.1039/C5CC02428E).
21. Awoodda kuleylka ee korontada. Marka la isku daro ion, waxay kala diri kartaa kulaylka aaladaha elektaroonigga ah iyo baytariyada, waxayna u beddeli kartaa kuleylka is -beddelka koronto.
【Horumarkayaga hadda jira】
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, codsiyadayaga hydrogel waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa qurxinta qurxinta iyo daaweynta caafimaadka, waxayna joogteeyaan jagada hoggaamineed ee warshadaha hydrogel ee gudaha iyo dibaddaba xagga tiknoolojiyadda, QA \ QCna waa mid deggan.
Waqtiga dhejinta: Aug-11-2021